Stylophorum diphyllum (celandine poppy) is a shade-loving spring wildflower prized for its clear yellow, four-petaled blooms and handsome blue-green, lobed leaves. You will get the best performance in humus-rich soil that stays evenly moist, especially in spring when the plant is in active growth.
Plant it in partial shade to full shade in woodland gardens, along streambanks, or in other cool sites where the soil does not dry out quickly. In warmer or brighter spots it can tolerate more light if the ground remains moist, but it may go dormant early in summer if conditions become dry. A light mulch of leaf mold or compost helps mimic its native forest floor habitat.
At maturity it forms a clump from short rhizomes and can naturalize by self-seeding when happy. If you prefer a tidier look, remove spent seed pods before they open, or thin seedlings while they are small. Pair it with other moisture-loving shade perennials and spring ephemerals for a layered, naturalistic planting.
Expect flowering from mid-spring into early summer, with seed pods that follow the blooms. Like other poppy relatives, the stems exude a yellow sap if broken, so handle gently when dividing or deadheading.